Cross Peen Hammer - The Complete Guide

picture of cross peen hammer with regular flat face on one side and flat wedged shaped peen on the other side

What is Cross-Peen Hammer?

A cross-peen hammer is a type of hammer characterized by having one flat face and another wedge-shaped or pointed face (the cross peen). The peen is perpendicular to the handle, creating a "cross" shape. This design allows for versatility in metalworking and blacksmithing tasks.

The flat face of the hammer is used for general-purpose striking and shaping, while the cross peen is typically used for tasks that require precision and control, such as forming grooves or shaping metal on an anvil. Blacksmiths and metalworkers often use this hammer to manipulate hot metal during forging processes.

The cross peen hammer comes in various sizes and weights, depending on the specific application and user preference. It is an essential tool in metalworking and is commonly found in blacksmith shops, metal fabrication workshops, and other settings where metal needs to be shaped and manipulated.

Table of Contents

Characteristics of Cross Peen Hammer

A cross peen hammer is distinguished by its unique design featuring a flat face and a perpendicular wedge-shaped face known as the cross peen. This configuration makes it a valuable tool for various tasks in shaping and forging metal.

Let’s delve into the specific characteristics of this hammer, covering aspects such as weight, length, material, face, and handle.

1.

Weight

These hammers are available in a range of weights. The choice of weight depends on the nature of the work; lighter hammers are suitable for intricate and detailed tasks, while heavier ones provide more force for shaping and forging pieces of metal.

2.

Length

The length of the hammer is measured from the face to the end of the handle. Longer handles offer increased leverage, allowing for powerful strikes, but they may compromise some precision and control. The length you choose should align with the specific demands of your work and your personal preferences.

3.

Material

Cross peen hammers are crafted from high-quality steel to ensure durability and resilience under repeated use. The handle material varies and may include wood, fiberglass, or other sturdy materials. The choice of material influences the overall weight, feel, and durability of the hammer.

4.

Face

The hammer's face is crucial for its functionality. This hammer features two faces the flat face and the cross peen. The flat face is employed for general striking and shaping, while the cross peen, with its wedge shape, is ideal for precision work such as forming grooves or manipulating hot metal on an anvil.

5.

Handle

Handles are commonly made of wood, fiberglass, or other durable materials. Wooden handles, traditional and comfortable, provide a classic grip, while fiberglass handles are known for their strength and longevity.

What to look out for when buying Cross Peen Hammer

When purchasing a cross peen hammer, several factors should be carefully considered to ensure that the tool meets your specific needs and provides efficient performance. First and foremost, determine the intended use of the hammer, whether it’s for delicate detailing or heavy-duty forging.

Handle

The handle of a hammer plays a crucial role in user comfort and control. When selecting a cross peen hammer, assess the handle material and design.

Wooden handles, such as hickory, provide a traditional feel and absorb some of the shock from striking.
Fiberglass handles are known for their durability and resistance to weathering.

Look for a handle with a comfortable grip and ergonomic design to minimize hand fatigue during prolonged use.

Material

High-quality steel is essential for the hammerhead to withstand repeated impacts without deforming or chipping.

Consider hammers with hardened faces for increased longevity. Additionally, evaluate the material of the handle, whether it’s wood, fiberglass, or another robust option.

A well-constructed hammer with quality materials not only enhances its longevity but also ensures reliable performance over time, making it a worthwhile investment for your metalworking endeavors.

Budget

While considering the price of a hammer, it’s essential to strike a balance between your budget and the quality of the tool.

Higher-quality hammers with superior materials and craftsmanship may come with a higher price tag but can provide better durability and performance in the long run. Assess your specific needs and the level of precision required for your tasks. It’s often worth investing a bit more in a high-quality cross-peen hammer that meets your requirements, as it can contribute to improved efficiency and longevity, ultimately saving you money in the long term.

However, ensure that the chosen hammer aligns with your budget constraints and provides the best value for the intended use.

Cross Peen Hammer vs Straight Peen Hammer

	Cross-Peen Hammer	Straight-Peen Hammer
Design	Flat face and perpendicular peen	Flat face and peen in line with the handle
Best Uses	Forging, shaping, detailed work	Striking and shaping along straight lines
Applications	Versatile for various tasks	Specialized for straight-line peening
Metal Shaping	Overall metal shaping	Effective for shaping along straight edges
Versatility	Versatile for multiple tasks	Versatile but may be more specialized
Common Usage	Blacksmithing, texturing	Drawing out material along straight lines
Precision vs. Linearity	Precision work, grooving	Linear impact for shaping and drawing out

When to Use Cross Peen Hammer

Best Uses for Cross Peen Hammer

Forging and Shaping Metal

Steps:

Begin by heating the metal to a workable temperature.
Utilize the flat face for general shaping and the cross peen for more precise detailing.

Tip: Choose the appropriate weight of the hammer based on the thickness and size of the metal.

Riveting

Steps:

Place the rivet through the pre-drilled holes in the metal pieces.
Use the flat face to strike the protruding end of the rivet, creating a secure connection.

Tip: Select a hammer with a comfortable grip to ensure accuracy in riveting.

Forming Grooves

Steps:

Position the metal piece on the anvil.
Use the cross peen to create grooves or channels by striking at the desired locations.

Tip: For consistent grooves, practice maintaining a steady rhythm and pressure.

Texturing and Detailing

Steps:

Employ the cross peen to create textured patterns on metal surfaces.
Experiment with different angles and pressures to achieve varied textures.

Tip: Start with lighter taps and gradually increase force for controlled detailing.

Cold Chiseling

Steps:

Mark the area for chiseling with a scribe or marker.
Use the cross peen to make controlled strikes along the marked lines.

Tip: Opt for a hammer with a sturdy handle for increased control during chiseling.

Where Not to Use Cross Peen Hammer

Precision Woodworking

Avoid using a cross-peen hammer for delicate woodworking tasks, such as finishing or assembling fine furniture. The cross peen is designed for metalworking and may cause splintering or damage to wood.

Electronic Components

Refrain from using a cross-peen hammer around delicate electronic components. The force generated during metalworking tasks can lead to unintended damage to sensitive devices.

Glass or Fragile Materials

Cross-peen hammers are not suitable for working with fragile materials like glass. The force applied may shatter or crack such materials.

Tips for Using a Cross Peen Hammer

Choose the right weight of the hammer for the specific task at hand.
Maintain a comfortable grip on the handle to ensure precision and control.
Practice on scrap metal to refine your technique before working on final projects.
Keep the hammer faces clean and free of debris to prevent damage to your workpiece.
Consider wearing appropriate safety gear, such as gloves and safety glasses, especially when working with hot metal or performing heavy-duty tasks.

Types of Cross Peen Hammer

These hammers come in various types, each designed for specific applications in metalworking and blacksmithing. Here are some common types of cross-peen hammers:

1.

Straight Cross Peen Hammer

This is the standard design, featuring a straight handle and a perpendicular cross peen. It is versatile and suitable for a wide range of forging and shaping tasks.

2.

Diagonal Cross Peen Hammer

In this variation, the cross peen is set at a diagonal angle to the handle. This design can offer a different approach to striking surfaces.

3.

French Cross Peen Hammer

Typically has a more pronounced and elongated cross peen compared to the straight cross peen hammer. It provides additional reach and precision for detailed work.

4.

Round Peen Hammer

In a round peen hammer, the peen is rounded instead of flat. This design is suitable for creating rounded contours and curves in metalwork.

5.

Sledge Cross Peen Hammer

This is a heavier version a cross peen hammer, often used for heavier forging and striking tasks. It may have a longer handle to provide more leverage for powerful blows.

6.

Farrier's Cross Peen Hammer

Farrier's cross peen hammers are designed for shaping horseshoes and working on hot metal in farrier applications. They often have a more robust construction to withstand heavy use.

How to Care for Your Cross Peen Hammer

Proper care for your hammer is essential to ensure its longevity, maintain its effectiveness, and promote safe usage. Here are some tips on how to care for your cross peen hammer:

Protective Coating: Consider applying a thin coat of oil or rust-resistant coating on the hammer faces and the metal parts of the handle to prevent corrosion. This is especially important if you work in a humid environment.
Handle Maintenance: Check the condition of the handle regularly. If you have a wooden handle, ensure that it is not cracked or splintered. Sand down any rough spots to maintain a comfortable grip.
Secure the Head: Periodically check the tightness of the hammerhead on the handle. If it becomes loose, use the appropriate tools to secure it.
Avoid Misuse: Use the hammer only for intended purposes, such as forging and shaping metal. Avoid using it on materials that could damage the hammer, such as glass or other fragile substances.
Proper Striking Surface: Be mindful of the surfaces you strike with the hammer. Using the hammer on a softer surface may cause damage to the face. Always work on an appropriate anvil or striking surface.
Store Properly: Store your hammer in a dry place to prevent rust. If possible, hang the hammer or keep it in a toolbox to protect it from dust and other contaminants.
Sharpening the Peen: If the cross peen becomes dull or deformed, you may need to sharpen it. Use a file or a grinder to reshape the peen to its original form. Ensure that the edges are smooth and uniform for precise metalworking.

By following these tips, you can extend the life of your hammer and ensure that it remains a reliable and efficient tool.